His songs are known as rabindrasangit ("Tagore Song"), which merges fluidly into his literature, most of which-poems or parts of novels, stories, or plays alike-were lyricised. The leading proponent of Bengali music is Rabindranath Tagore (known in Bengali as Robi Thakur and Gurudeb, the latter meaning "Respected Teacher" (in the Bengal of that time, the suffix 'deb' was an honorific, ascribed to people who enjoyed immense respect, but this title was primarily used by his students at Santiniketan, though many others did use the address/ ) Tagore was a prolific composer with around 2,230 songs to his credit. Notable in this devotional poetry is an earthiness that does not distinguish between love in its carnal and devotional forms some see connections between this and Tantra, which originated sometime in the middle of the first millennium CE.įorms Bishnupur Gharana Another writer of the time was Vidyapati.
Much of the early canon is devotional, as in the Hindu devotional songs of Ramprasad Sen a bhakta who captures the Bengali ethos in his poetic, rustic, and ecstatic vision of the Hindu goddess of time and destruction in her motherly incarnation, Ma Kali. The Middle Ages saw a mixture of Hindu and Islamic trends when the musical tradition was formalized under the patronage of Sultan and Nawabs and the powerful landlords baro bhuiyans. The earliest music in Bengal was influenced by Sanskrit chants, and evolved under the influence of Vaishnav poetry such as the 13th-century Gitagovindam by Jayadeva, whose work continues to be sung in many eastern Hindu temples.
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